Permanent waving rod



Jan. 6, 1953 E. swENsON 2,624,349

PERMANENT wAvING Ron Filed Aug. 19, 1948 FIG.4

JNVENTOR. ELMER SWENSON A T TORNEKS' Patented Jan. 6, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Y* 2,624,349 PERMANENT WAVING Ron Elmer Swenson, Moorhead, Minn. Application August 19, 194s, serial No. 45,169 claims. (o1. 132-42) This invention relates to curling devices or rods for beauty parlors and home use in giving peranent waves and in forming curls in human air.V Y

` My improved curler is particularly adapted for use in the Croquignole method of curling or permanently waving human hair. In this method, the hair on a human head is divided into locks and the locks are separately wound upon a curling device by securing the strands at the end of the lock Yto the curling elements and progressively winding the lock from the ends towards the scalp. In permanent waving, a hair softening solution or lotion is applied to the locks of hair before Winding on the curler. After the hair is properly wound upon the curler, a fastening device such as an elastic element or clamp, is used to retain the curled lock in place against the scalp and to prevent unwinding. Y Y

In permanent waving, the actual composition o-r bony hair structure is softened and the main-` tenance of the individual strands in a rather tightly wound position upon the curler rods over a period of time, produces a flattening of the individual hair structure which remains in the hair treated and produces a permanent curl or wave. Hair which is flattened assumes a curl in the inherent manner of a shaving which has an oblong, cross sectional shape.

In rods and curler devices heretofore employed, no provision has been made for producing a greater curling effect upon the ends of the hair or tips of the locks and consequently, in most coiffures after a permanent wave has been given, the hair tips or ends do not conform nicely and harmoniously with the intermediate portions of the locks and project outwardly or depend sometimes, in an unsightly manner. p

It is an object of my invention to provide a simple and comparatively inexpensive curler structure wherein the extremities or ends of the individual strands and locks are more closely curled than the other portions of the hair and locks, to eliminate the objections previously recited which are common in most hair waving and curling processes.

More specifically, it is an object of my invention to provide a multielement curling device wherein a curling rod of relatively small diameter is employed for receiving and winding the extremities or end portions of a lock of human hair and wherein a second or additional rods of larger diameter are employed to receive and retain the rst smaller rod with convolutions of the hair wound thereon and thereafter, are employed for vide for distribution of vapors and fluid from the c external portion of the outer or larger curling rod to the portions of the hair wound upon the inner or smaller rod.

These and other objects and advantages of myl invention will more fully appear from the following description made in connection With the accompanying drawings wherein like reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views and in which: c

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing one of my devices applied and retained upon a lock of hu- Y man hair and showing a second of my curler devices in the process of application;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the smaller or inner curler rod detached;

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the outer or larger curler rod; f

Fig. 4 is an end elevation of the same;

Fig. 5 is a cross section taken centrally ofthe assembled device with the lock of hair wound thereby;

Fig. 6 is a side elevation of a somewhat differ-i ent form of the invention, the dotted lines indicating the winding position of the inner or smaller curler; and

portions broken away and others shown in section, illustrating the second form of my invention i operatively applied to a lock of human hair.

In the form of the invention illustrated in Figs.

1 to 5 inclusive, I provide a pair of closely cooper-v ating, disconnected curler rods indicated as entireties by the numerals I0 and l I, so constructed as to closely intert with convolutionsI of hair wound upon the inner or smaller rod i. The smaller rod I0 may be of more or less conventional construction, provided however, that the mean diameter thereof is less than that of the ordinary curler rod, the periphery of rod Il] preferably tapering from its ends towards the center and being fluted or longitudinally roughened at Illa to provide a surface to facilitate winding of the tips or end portions of a lock of hair. Curler rod I0 as shown, is provided at one end with intersecting, rather deep retaining Agrooves lb which are adapted to grip and retain a stretchable elastic element I2 such as a rubber cordof the end portion of a :dat lock of hair wound` thereon. The outer curler rod Il is provided at its ends, as shown, with intersecting retaining grooves I Ib which are adapted to retain a exible elastic cord or an ordinary rubber .band applied after the full lock has been wound uponthe rod I I for the purpose of clamping the lock tothe. rod and retaining the rod and curl in proper place, closely against the scalp during the period` In the use of my curling device for. permanent waves, a nat lock of hair is divided. from the other hair and first smoothly combed and the permanent Wave solution or lotion applied in the usual manner, to the separated lock. The tips or end portions of the lock are then engaged upon the smaller curler rod I in conventional man.

ner, usually with the use of a curling paper to assure the proper initial engagement and curling of theextremities of the strands and the flat lock is then wound for a few inches (depending `of course, upon the length of the hair) upon the central portion of curler ill. The several convolutions of the end of the lock are then secured` to the inner rod It. by tensioning theflexible elasticY element YIii andz'retaining :the 'freerend thereof in'one of` the grooves Ib. The smaller rod Il is then compactly disposed within 'the' channel I Ia of the larger curler rod and the windingzof the lock ,is continued upon the'enlarged' periphery Yoi" rod l. Ordinarily the winding.. is continued throughout substantially the full length of the'lock as close to the scalp as is possible andthereafter, with the lock quite tightly Wound uponthe closely cooperating rods Iii and II, an elasticA member is tensioned and applied longitudinally to the larger rod ii, clamping the wound lock thereon and retaining the curler de-` vice in proper position against the scalp.

In this operation, it sometimes may be desirable for certain coiiures, to reverse thewinding of the hair or lock after the smaller rod is wound..

and applied in the larger rod. This-ofcourse,

may be readily accomplished with` my improved structure.

Permanent waves or temporary curls effectedY by my apparatus are more natural and beautiful-V than those obtained through use of conventional $70 The ends of the curler apparatus now in use.

smaller inner rod preferably ranges from an eighth to a quarter of an inch.

In the form of the invention shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the inner curler rod I3 is hinged-ly connected at one of its ends I3a with one end of the outer or larger curler rod ifi. Asshown, rod I3 is substantially identical in shape and size to the rod Ii! previously described, being accommodated in the longitudinal channel Illa provided by the outer rcdl and being pivotally connected to said outer rod by a transverse pin I5 which extends diametrically through the end I3a of the locks and hair are curled more closely than the other portion of the locks with the vresultthatgno. s

inner rod and through the portions of one end of rod I4 defining the channel Illa. With this connection, the inner rod I3 may be swung to the dotted line position shown in Fig. 6 for receiving and winding lseveral. convolutions of the tips or outery end rof a Iiat strand of hair. Thereafter, the larger rod I l1 may ybe swung inwardly upon rod I3, receiving the same, as shown in Fig. '7 and the winding vof the intermediate and lmajor portion of the lock continued upon the periphery of the largerrod. Fig. '7 illustrates a full lock of hair Wound cooperatively upon the two rods I3 and I4 with some portions of the hair and curl broken awayl to show the internal construction.

In this form of the invention, vapor passagesV from theY periphery of the larger rod Ifito the interior' of channel Ilia are formed by a multiplicity of lateral ports lsb communicating fromy the exterior or" rod I4 with the respective sides of channel I 4a.

From the foregoing description, it will be seen that `l2 -have provided a simple but highly eiicient multielement curling device adapted to produce temporary curls as Well as beautiful permanent wavesvwithout requiring highy skilled teaching or substantial departure from the general methods utilized. Y

It will ofcourse, be understood that various changes may lbe made in the form, details, arrangement and proportions of the parts without departing fromthe scope or 'my invention.

What I claim is:

1..,A'curling. device for'huinan hair comprising r a thin. rod circular. in crossv sectionVv and straight throughout 'its length and about which theioutenendportion,of a lock of hair is adapted to be coiled and form a tightcurl, and a second rodlcircularin'.cross.section and Yci a great deal greater diameter.` than the' rst rod,l thesecond rodrbeing also.. straight Vthroughout, its lengthand. formed with a recess in one sideportion extending longitudinally thereof and open along v ,itsxouten side, the said recess being of a depth lessV than a radius 0I` thelarge rod and of a width adapting the iirst rod and hair wound thereabout to be iitted into the recess andthe re-Y maindersof the said lock of hair `wrapped about thesecondfrod and the enclosed'irst rod and form a large curl, and an elasticbinder-strandxedrto one endof one Vrod and constitutingl meansiior securingy hair curled about the said rods.

2. Th'estructure of claim l whereinvthe first rod has end portions of a thickness adapting' 3."Theistructure oi'claim l whereinV an elastic binding strand. is connectedto oneendof theA iirstrod;1.the second :rod being formed at an end witha slit to releasablysecure 4the free end portionof the fsecondrcd;

4. The structure of claim 1 wherein the first rod is pivoted at one end within the recess of the second rod.

5. A'hair curler for permanent waving, comprising an elongated core having a central section of tapering thickness about which the end portion of a. strand of hair is adapted to be Wound to impart thereto a curl of relatively small radius, a single, unitary, one-piece rod having an elongated interior of constant crosssectional area from end to end and of greater cross-sectional area than the maximum crosssectional area of said core and of a width and depth receiving and substantially completely enclosing the core with the hair wound thereon, said rod having a side opening through which the strand may extend to wind the strand about the rod and an exterior surface curved on a radius larger than the maximum radius of said core, the ends of the rod being provided with 20 enlarged portions to retain the wound tress and' 6 means attached to one end of the device for securing the wound tress.

ELMER SWENSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 499,439 Pease June 13, 1893 1,896,617 Goodman Feb. 7, 1933 2,047,183 Goodman July 14, 1936 2,171,956 Urs Sept. 5, 1939 2,265,656 Snyder Dec'. 9, 1941 2,328,192 Casieri Aug. 3l, 1943 2,421,259 Grant May 27, 1947 2,421,287 Reininger May 27, 1947 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 547,655 Great Britain Sept. 4, 1942 

